A recent analysis by art historian Maira Montenegro clarifies why Mexico never experienced a Middle Ages period, highlighting the distinct historical timelines between Mesoamerican and European civilizations.
The Middle Ages, a historiographical category specifically created to study European history from approximately 476 AD to the 15th century, has no counterpart in Mexican history because Mesoamerican societies were developing along entirely different trajectories.
While medieval Europe was constructing cathedrals and experiencing political upheaval that would form modern European countries, Mesoamerican civilizations were already in their Early Classic period (150-600 AD). Cities like Teotihuacan and Monte Albán had reached architectural excellence with complex water systems, monumental pyramids, and extensive trade networks throughout present-day Mexico.
The Maya civilization had simultaneously developed sophisticated astronomical calendars and advanced medical practices, including dental procedures, demonstrating their scientific advancement during this period.
The timelines only intersected with the Spanish invasion in the early 16th century, by which time the European Middle Ages were already ending. The arrival of Europeans brought devastating consequences, including a smallpox epidemic in 1520 that devastated indigenous populations.
Key Arguments by Montenegro
Montenegro argues that trying to apply European historical frameworks to Mexico imposes colonial categories on distinct historical processes. She emphasizes that Mesoamerican history should be understood on its own terms rather than through European historical constructs.
For more information, you can view the full article on Mexico News Daily.
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